アブストラクト
| Date | 14:00-15:00 Feb 25, 2025 |
| Speaker | Kiyoko F. Aoki-Kinoshita Glycan & Life Systems Integration Center (GaLSIC), Soka University Japan |
| Title | Integrating Glycoscience Data to Characterize the Extended Central Dogma |
| Abstract |
The most complex of the post-translational modifications is glycosylation, which covers all cells in the body; one factor contributing to its complexity is the hundreds of types of monosaccharides that make up glycans. Another factor is that no high-throughput “glycan sequencer” exists. Thus, in order to investigate proteins, glycans are usually seen as "hindrances" and so there is a history of removing glycans in order characterize protein structure. However, many glycans are known as biomarkers such as CA19-9 and CEA, which are important diagnostic markers. Moreover, it is known that when cells become cancerous, the glycan structures on the cell surface changes, and as such glycans have the potential to be used for the early detection of diseases such as Alzheimer's disease. To this end, robotics technologies have been combined with mass spectrometry in recent years, allowing for the development of semi-high-throughput “sequencing” technology for glycomics. In addition, since the Human Glycome Atlas Project (HGA) was launched last year as a “Large-scale academic frontier promotion project” by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, it is expected that technological development will progress in the future and it will be possible to quickly analyze glycomes. In the HGA project, we will build a knowledgebase called TOHSA, which will store a variety of glycan-related information, such as glycoproteins, glycan-related genes, and cellular imaging data of glycan-related protein localization, in addition to glycan structures. These will all be integrated with publicly available life science databases. As a result, we aim to clarify the extended central dogma and the biological functions of glycans.
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